LEGO learning philosophy is summarized in the phrase "children learn through play" supported Seymour Constructivism Paper. Lego itself allows the construction of student learning through the representation of real life models. These materials are motivators, allow the formation and integration of work teams, building models solving a problem, this demonstrates the great efficiency and can provide educational fun for students.
LEGO Cases and educational equipment: Lego duplo tubes, new home and family lego, lego on the farm, farm animals Lego, lego duplo tools, lego construction lego amusement parks and wildlife. Fundamental
: Kit of science and technology in childhood, simple mechanisms kit motorized LEGO RCX programmable brick, infrared transmitter RCX, Mindstorms robotics kit.
Energy: solar panel, Lego mechanical energy, energy lego lego power and renewable energy work and I and II.
LEGO, is a very interesting game, building with interlocking plastic modules of Danish origin that is widespread despite its high cost. LEGODACTA recent models have incorporated many elements of precision gears and pulleys, shafts, motors, sensors and lights, among others, that allow the construction of complex mechanisms controlled by a computer using an appropriate interface. The programming language of choice is LOGO. It is important to note that students used in their production modules adapted for other project, therefore, from these studies is possible, familiar in the management of sentences LOGO, learn how to assemble a sequence, like putting a recursion, like putting together a strategy to control for time and skills to the representation of behavior.
LOGO. It is a programming language created in order that young children learn mathematics quickly and easily. Over the years, advances in computer technology have made LOGO evolves and its latest version incorporates the best tools of the most modern.
Logo Lego users build their own machines before programming. Students are not restricted only to turtles, can use the material to build a wide range of creative machines, working with such projects, students experience with this type of design: structural mechanics and software among others. LEGO / Logo can be seen as a multimedia construction kit, which allows students to build and create in different ways interconnected.
All robots are systems that integrate components that form a whole, these components can be analyzed in two stages. First
. System is considered as a black box which we do not know what exists inside, we can only identify the entry to the robot which is made up of human commands and output that is made up of various types of work performed automatically.
II. Corresponds to the analysis is to look inside the black box we find subsystems or functional units of the robot. Each unit performs a function and has its own entrance and exit. The robots have four main functional units being: driver, engine and transmission, power and sensors.
subsystems. Controller function is to govern the work of the motors (actuators: devices that cause the movement) and transmission (motion switch). Food provides energy for the entire system. The sensors that receive the feedback signal from the actuators passing information to the driver to calculate the correction error.
Sistema sensorial del robot. El sensor o captador es un dispositivo diseñado para recibir información de una magnitud exterior y transformarla en otra magnitud, normalmente eléctrica que seamos capaces de cuantificar y manipular. En robótica se distinguen 3 grupos de sensores: de posición, adaptadores de esfuerzo y sensores de desplazamiento.
Los sensores como parte fundamental del robot comprenden además: Percepción, niveles de abstracción, controladores software, sensores de luz, transducción o entendimiento, interfaz con los sensores, sensibilidad y alcance, fotorresistencias y detectores de proximidad infrarrojos. Entre otros, están las fotoceldas, los fotodiodos, microphones, touch sensors, pressure, temperature, ultrasound and even video cameras as an important part of a robot vision. Moreover the sensors allow the robot to deal with some intelligence to interact with the environment in a way intended to mimic the way that living beings have. In the educational toy robots can be used or common battery or batteries, and the lowest consumption of solar cells.
sensors allow the robot to deal with some intelligence to interact with the environment in some ways they mimic the way with living things, are components that detect or perceive certain events or situations.
Structure
robots. It is responsible for shaping and supporting components, can be constructed by many materials such as plastics and metals among others, and take many different forms. Can be of two types: Endoskeleton where the structure is internal and other external components, or exoskeleton, where the structure is outside and covers the other elements. It corresponds to the sources of movement, one of the most used is the electric motor. An engine is a device that converts electrical energy into rotational mechanical energy is used to give motion to wheels and other means of locomotion. Robotics are used DC motors (DC) servomotors and stepper motors.
With regard to the means of transmission of motion, we find that when the sources of movement does not directly manage the means of locomotion of the robot, we need an interface or means of transmission of movement between two systems, used to increase force or to change the nature of the movement, for example to change a linear or circular motion to reduce the speed of rotation, for that purpose, we use sets of gears, friction wheels or pulleys and belts.
means of locomotion, are systems that allow the robot to move from one place to another if it must, the most common and simple is the wheel, legs and caterpillars. Another important aspect is the means of attachment. Some robots have to hold or manipulate certain objects and to do this type of device used, the most common mechanical hand is derived from the human hand. Another component of the robots is the power supply, it depends on the application to be given to them, the robot automatically moves will be powered by rechargeable electric batteries, if not required to move or too little, you can feed by internal power or through a converter. Brain
robot, which comprise the control circuits are composed of electronic components and their complexity depends the functions of the robot and that has to handle. Currently there are specific microprocessors and microcontrollers for engine management and relays, the A / D and D / A, voltage regulators, voice simulators, can design and build robots control cards for very efficient and economical.
relation to the robot control programs, they may be grouped according to the level of monitoring carried out:
levels of artificial intelligence. Where the program accepts a command as the product up and break it down into a sequence of low-level commands based on a strategic model of tasks.
level control mode. Where movements the system are modeled, for what is included dynamic interaction between different mechanisms, planned trajectories and points of selected assignment.
servo levels. Where the actuators control the parameters of the mechanisms using internal feedback data from sensors and the path is modified based on data obtained from external sensors. All fault detection and correction mechanisms are implemented at this level. Levels
programming language. There are three classes in systems programming robots.
. Guided systems. The user drives the robot through the motions to be performed.
systems-level robot programming. The user writes a computer program by specifying motion and sensing.
level systems programming task. In which the user specifies the operation of their actions on the robot manipulates objects.
BASIC ROBOT KIT SRI 10. S300010 SRI
Robot is a complete multifunctional robot designed especially for learning robotics from zero to very advanced levels. LEGO KIT
DACT. Different, to cite one example, to work with a project, you mentioned the DACT LEGO Kit No. 9701, is a basic kit contains construction elements (bricks plastic), sensors, motors, lights and items, complete instructions to build several models to include a plot gases, a robotic arm and a vehicle.
Interface Kit. Contains: Interface B of LEGO DACT, a transformer and an instruction manual.
software DACT LEGO CONTROL LAB No. 953 001 contains: 12 cards for student quick start guide, 7 Card project for the student, 1 instructional video, a quick guide for teachers, 1 guidance detailed the 7 projects the teacher, CONTROL LAB software to install on your computer and 1 registration card. In addition, a cable that connects to the computer interface.
CRIQUETS. Computers are tiny, fragile, secure and manageable, they have a 9-volt battery, can control two motors and receive information from two sensors (touch and light), fit in the palm of the hand and can be programmed using Microworlds EX. Pedagogically contribute to the development of logical-mathematical, generated: problem solving skills, creativity was developed, produced the scanning process technology environments, project-oriented learning and working in a collaborative learning environment. Recycled
Robotics. This is generated as a result of the high cost of technological LEGO Cases and the difficulty in acquiring Cricket products. The robot uses recycled sources, motors, LEDs, among others, computers, with which along with other low-cost electronic circuits and electronic circuits implement mechanisms that are controlled by computer. Integrating these circuits and mechanical to the PC, are performed using the knowledge of a programming language (Turbo Pascal, C + +, Visual Basic, among others, creating programs for the management of ports (parallel or serial) that enable control of display , LEDs and motors. reassembly circuit / mechanism requires advanced knowledge of electronics, dela same way, creating control programs requires knowledge of programming and management of port by teachers and students.
STRUCTURE OF A MOBILE ROBOT. This should be light and strong, has to meet the needs of the robot, mobility and speed, among others.
Equilibrium in a mobile robot. Place the heavier elements in the robot, so that support balance and stability.
center of gravity or center of mass. Is the point of an object which takes all the weight is located. The support polygon is the base of the robot, and in this case the polygon formed by the axles and wheels, the object will place the center of mass of the robot inside the polygon support and as close to the ground.
structures with Lego. It's fast and easy to assemble, a wide variety of parts: beams, gears, joints, more than 7,000 types. Care should be much the structure can be removed with the same ease with which it is mounted. Lego
geometry. To make a strong structure is not enough to extend parts, it is necessary to cross braces. Here we must pay close attention, there is a problem, the separation between the holes is not the same horizontally and vertically, resulting from measures put several plates to match.
structures with other materials. We can choose any material that is within our power to make the structure of the robot, such as wood, metal, plastic, among others, issues such as caring, availability, resilience, ease of machining, weight (density). You can find shaped aluminum profiles, tubes or thin plates, the alloys are expensive and hard to find. The best way to support is by rivets or screws, nuts interns (auto-frenable if possible. Aluminum threads do not work.
wood structures. The plywood is manufactured from wood more durable than solid wood. There are structural plywood small thickness (5 mmo less) of 3 and 5 layers. The plywood is easy machining.
composites. The most common are called fiber-reinforced plastics. The films are carbon fabric prepreg resin.
Source:
Complubot. Seminar on Introduction to
Microrobotics http / /. Compublot.educa.madrid.org/actividades/seminario_uah_2006/seminario_uah_2006....php
MicroMundosEX.
http://www.micromundos.com/solutions/mwexroboticspage3.html
Prodel, Inc. Lego Education.
http://www.prodel.es/legoeducacion/index.htm
Master Teachers Network. Robotics and Computer Science. Http://www.rmm.cl/index_sub.php?id_contenido=5237&id_seccion=3437&id_portal=520
Robotics
Mendoza.
http://www.roboticajoven.mnendoza.edu.ar/index.htm
Robótica.WebEducativa.net. Educational Technology for the Construction of Knowledge. Http://robotica.webeducativa.net/_private/roboedu.htm
SuperRobotica.com http://www.superrobotica.com/S300010.htm
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